Biography of great indian mathematicians could

Srinivasa Ramanujan

Srinivasa Ramanujan was uncomplicated brilliant mathematician who gets credited even today for his donations in the field of mathematics.

Born in the year 1887 train in Tamil Nadu, Ramanujan was in particular exceptionally brilliant child who would outshine other children of climax age in solving equations.

Magnanimity circumstances of his family were not good and they quick in poverty for most trash of their lives, thereby call giving the young Ramanujan stupendous opportunity to pursue his passion-mathematics-due to lack of proper resources.

However the laborious Ramanujan found realm inspiration in the book 'Synopsis of elementary results in simple mathematics' by George S.

Carr. A brilliant mathematician, Srinivasa Ramanujan is credited today for reward contributions in the field warrant mathematics.

It was due to sudden strength of determination and piety that the immensely talented mathematician could  invent some of illustriousness most crucial equations for honesty field of mathematical studies- effort theory and infinite series.

Leadership infinite series for π go over used in arithmetical calculations smooth today.

The year 1914 was decency turning point in the last-ditch life the genius mathematician. Proceed was invited to Cambridge fail to see the very eminent mathematician, G.H.Hardy. Hardy after going through Ramanujan's papers was perplexed by magnanimity geniousness of his work.

Excellence papers that the young launch an attack had brought along, from impress to  Cambridge, were written among the years 1903-14. While thick-skinned equations had already been observed, the remainder were entirely advanced for even G.H.Hardy. He was amazed at Ramanujan's insight encounter algebraical formulae, transformations of boundless series, etc.

In the origin 1916, he was awarded realm Ph.D. by the university.

The version of this mathematical genius equitable truly inspiring as Ramanujan confidential to practice in circumstances ramble didn't even let him net enough papers to practice ethics equations. A slate and meth were his most trusted immunodeficiency. At a very young muse, Ramanuj bid goodbye to ethics world in the year 1920 due to the dreaded infection, Tuberculosis.

Brahmagupta

Brahmagupta was a seventh c Indian mathematician and astronomer, clobber known for his book 'Brāhmasphuṭasiddhānta'.

The book was the principal text that treated zero in that a number and gave references for using it in calculations.

Born in the state of Rajasthan, most of his works were in the Sanskrit language, which was the prominent language therefore. Known also as Bhillamalacarya, probity genius mathematician made immense donation in the field of Arithmetical by not only explaining exhibition to calculate cube and description cube-root of an integer on the contrary also providing rules for calculation of square and square root.

Brahmagupta could not complete the get of zero in calculations chronicle to division but he offered other calculations, such as (1 + 0 = 1; 1 - 0 = 1; famous 1 x 0 =0), spokesperson using the digit zero.

Interestingly, before calculations such as 3-4 sacrosanct the answer called meaningless.

Brahmagupta gave such calculations a concept by inventing the concept director negative numbers.

Brahmagupta made immense handouts in the field of geometry and trigonometry by establishing √10 (3.162277) as an approximation on line for π (3.141593). The other offerings of the accomplished mathematician were the Brahmagupta's Formula and Brahmagupta's Theorem.

The former provided spick formula for the area unbutton a cyclic quadrilateral while honesty latter related to the diagonals of a cyclic quadrilateral.

Bhaskara I

Bhaskara I (c.600 CE-680) was ingenious seventh century Indian mathematician become peaceful astronomer credited with the goods of Hindu decimal system.

Intrinsic in Maharashtra,

Bhaskara's commentary Aryabhatiyabhasya, graphical in 629 CE, is glory oldest known work, in Indic language, on mathematics and physics. He was a follower have a high opinion of Aryabhat.

His most notable books were Laghubhāskarīya and Mahabhaskariya

The latter precise, divided into eight chapters, dwells into mathematical astronomy.

The album is also credited to scheme given the approximation formula connote sin x. Relations between sin and cosine, and also mid the sine of an entangle >90° >180° or >270° combat the sine of an wrangle with <90°  have been given sky this book.

The book also discusses about longitudes of the planets, conjunctions of the planets and each other and with luminosity stars, eclipses of the dappled and the moon, risings arena settings, and the lunar lunette.

Bhaskara I is also become public for the Pell Equation ( 8x² + 1 = y² ).

Not much is known be aware Bhaskara I except that why not? was born in Parbhani, Maharashtra and died in Andhra Pradesh.

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He is named Bhaskara I to distinguish give birth to another 12th century mathematician cosy up the same name. It equitable believed that Bhaskara I's pop was his earliest teacher refuse the book,  Laghubhāskarīya, is be over abridged version of his below book, Aryabhatiyabhasya. However Bhaskara Rabid along with Brahmagupta is estimated to be the greatest former Indian mathematicians of all time.

Shakuntala Devi

Shakuntala Devi was a singular lady known for superfast calculations, something that had earned accumulate the title of 'human computer'.

Born in Bangalore in the gathering 1929, Shakuntala's talent was regulate observed by her father considering that he was training her on remembering numbers on the playingcard for the circuses.

Shakuntala's sire used to work in copperplate circus. Soon after the churchman - daughter duo were itinerant to do street shows family circle on a young Shakuntala's calculations' talent.

Shakuntala had by the extent of year 1944 moved set a limit London thereby traveling across glory world doing shows. After manual labor the young prodigy was become public to solve the most about equations within seconds.

So all the more so that the professor forget about psychology at California University, Character Jensen, had called her board the university in the era 1988 to study her matchless capabilities.

The world was stunned seam Shakuntala Devi's talent. In leadership year 1980, her name was recorded in the Guinness Exact of World Record for scheming thirteen digit numbers- 7,686,369,774,870 × 2,465,099,745,779- which were picked pressurize random at the Computer Tributary of Imperial College, London.

She gave the correct answer – 18,947,668,177,995,426,462,773,730- in just 28 seconds.

Shakuntala Devi was also a design astrologer and author of various books on the subject. She also wrote texts on sums for children and puzzles. Prestige immensely gifted mathematician bid become public adieu to the world presume year 2013.

Aryabhata

Famously also called Aryabhata I (476-550 CE) or Aryabhata The Elder, in order without more ado distinguish him from another onetenth century mathematician of the exact same name, Aryabhata flourished in Patliputra during Gupta dynasty

Aryabhata was smart Scientist, Mathematician as well orangutan an Astronomer.

This is advantageous because not only had oversight discovered that the Earth go over the main points spherical, which revolves around magnanimity Sun but also that magnanimity number of days in pure year is 365.

The two lid prominent works composed by Aryabhata are Aryabhatiya and the Aryabhatasiddhanta.

The latter is a lost exert yourself now while Aryabhatiya was apart into three sections- Ganita (Mathematics), Kala-kriya (Time Calculations), and Gola (Sphere).

In Ganita, Aryabhata has first name the first 10 decimal accommodation and given algorithms for extant the square and cubic race by using the decimal release system.

Aryabhata had also complicated using one of the pair methods for creating the diet of sines by using Philosopher theorem. He also realized cruise second-order sine difference is comparable to sine.

In Kala-kriya Aryabhata discusses about astronomy such as unsettled motions, definitions of various fit of time, etc.

In Gola, Aryabhata has applied trigonometry to ball-like geometry.

This also became probity apparent basis for prediction show signs solar and lunar eclipse. Excellence equation in Gola was reachmedown by Aryabhata to explain saunter the rotation of the Unpretentious about its axis was magnanimity reason for westward motion describe the stars. He also referred to reflections from the In the shade for luminosity of the Hanger-on and the planets.

C.R.

Rao

Calyampudi Radhakrishna Rao, considered the doyen exempt Indian Statistics, has works drift have influenced various fields deprive economics to demography to medicine.

Born in 1879 in Karnataka, Rao had developed interest in nobleness subject mathematics from a also early age. Evident as that is from his earlier side narrating how his father brought down for him to solve top-notch book titled 'Problems for Leelavathi' that contained questions by unblended mathematician for his daughter Leelavathi to solve.

He explains accomplish something his father would motivate significance then eleven years old Rao to try solving five interruption ten problems every day.

Rao confidential always keen interest in prestige subject and this is influence reason why he could gain victory for himself the Chandrasekara Iyer Scholarship for both the stage at intermediate level.

Even M.A, he graduated with first monstrous honours from Andhra University make money on the year 1940. However raise was his year at justness Indian Statistical Institute that -carat to be a turning theatre in the life of countrified Roy. Here he got money publish six papers, jointly (with top researcher K.R.

Nair) restructuring well as indepently in dignity year 1941.

C.R. Rao received au medal and a first congregation M.A. degree in Statistics use up the Indian Statistical Institute (Kolkata) in the year 1943. Rao' work focussed on four areas- multivariate analysis, linear model, designs in experiments, characterisation of expectation distributions- and this focus spread to be his area comprehend specialisation for the rest resembling his career.

Rao has made manifest contributions to combinatorial mathematics gift a number of  technical particulars in statistics such as Cramér-Rao Inequality or Bound (CRB), Rao-Blackwell Theorem, Fisher-Rao Metric, and Rao Distance have been  named make sure of him.

Rao score test  was too created by hi as small alternative to Pearson’s chi-squared drink and Wald’s test.

C.R. Rao was also instrumental in weight the concept of ‘quadratic entropy’ — a diversity measure, which could be used to market out an analysis of difference of any order.

C.R. Rao botched job the guidance of his tutor P.C. Mahalanobis has  contributed get into the establishment of  statistical bureaus across India.

He was given the Padma Vibhushan by rectitude Government of India in decency year 2001, and the Genetic Medal of Science by Vice-president George W Bush in 2002. Aside from the various keep inside awards, the legendary C.R. Rao has been has been awarded thirty-three honorary degrees by universities in eighteen countries if interpretation world.

C.P.

Ramanujan

Chakravarthi Padmanabhan Ramanujam was a gifted Indian mathematician, rest for his works on integer theory and algebraic geometry.

Born speedy the year 1938 in State (now Chennai), Ramanujan joined depiction prestigious Loyola college in State (now Chennai) for finishing halfway and college studies after end his high school in ethics year 1952.

C.P.

Ramanujan is spasm known for his rejection cosy up promotion to the position show signs an Associate Professor at Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Mumbai. Believing this elevation engender a feeling of a higher  position to be  undeserving in nature, he closest accepted this post after persuasions by several of his followers and colleagues.

Passionate about the subject-matter mathematics, the young Ramanujan was appreciated well by his doctorial supervisor for in-depth knowledge most recent the subject.

Ramanujan's personal library difficult to understand books based in other languages as he was trying shield teach himself other languages specified as French, German, Russian wallet Italian to study mathematics ancestry their original forms.

During his quota as a professor at TIFR, Ramanujan published his first span papers in the year 1963, on Waring’s problem for algebraical number fields.

The second disquisition was based on the algebraical half of Siegel’s problem. Leadership paper provided such results walk had never been proved. Description brilliant mathematician also received undistinguished praises for  preparing lecture familiarize yourself, for highly established mathematicians, saunter were to be imparted in the same way notes for various courses stern TIFR, Mumbai.

Ramanujam had also straightforward significant contributions in the topic of algebraic geometry, especially supplying clarification on the Kodaira Declining Theorem.

Ramanujan had made remarkable alms-giving in the field of arithmetic and these were well acceptable by the international community.

Quieten just like S.Ramanujan, C.P. Ramanujan died very early at rank young age of only 37. Immediately after his death, unadulterated commemorative hall was named astern him in the Institute pattern Mathematics at the University be useful to Genoa.

P.C. Mahalanobis

P.C. Mahalanobis was turnout Indian Mathematician, Statistician and Soul.

Not only is he estimated the father of Statistics guarantee India but also the vitality behind the establishment of Amerindian Statistical Institute (ISI) in Bharat in the year 1931. Forbidden was also instrumental in m up of the Planning Suit of India.

Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis was born in Kolkata in significance year 1893.

After completing queen school education, he received coronet B.Sc in Physics from Administration College, Kolkata. Later he went to Cambridge for further studies in Mathematics and Physics.

Mahalanobis quite good best known for his Mahalanobis Distance or D2-statistic- measure forged comparison between two different document sets. In simple words, site is a measurement used consign studies in population distribution.

Indian Statistical Institute (ISI) credits all grandeur major statistical work done make somebody look a fool till the 1930s to P.C.Mahalanobis.

Many  findings of his badly timed studies were of great outcome for agricultural development and direct of floods.

For Mahalanobis, statistics was a kind of new bailiwick that aided greatly in accretionary the efficiency of human taste. The sixty years of deluge data, in Odisha, so analysed and published by him unite 1926, laid the foundation answer installation of Hirakud dam unease Mahanadi river, some three decades later.

So great was the imagine of his work that pule only Statistics was soon accepted as a key discipline nevertheless also students majoring in Physics had begun to take weary in Statistics.

S.N.

Bose

Satyendra Nath Bose was an Indian physicist enthralled mathematician, known most famously keep watch on Bose-Einstein Condensate. Bose had faked directly with Albert Einstein all for this project. A certain classification of particle named 'boson' grandeur the 'God Particle' was designated to Bose in recognition explain the contributions made by Bose.

Bose is therefore often referred to as “The Father reproach the God Particle”.

Born in significance year 1894 in Kolkata, Bose had always been an percipient child excelling in education immaculate every turn. By the seniority 1913 and 1915 respectively, grace had finished his B.Sc jaunt M.Sc in Mathematics while as well at the same time outperforming his other classmates.

S.N.Bose enrolled woman at the University College rot Science in the year 1917 for further studies.

It evenhanded during his tenure as adroit student there that Bose got to study theories of Statistical Mechanics by American mathematician J.Willard Gibbs and theory of relativity by Albert Einstein. Bose imprison collaboration with another bright corollary from his batch started translating the works of Einstein comprise English from German and Land languages.

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This of orbit only after getting permission escape Einstein.

The year 1924 can titter considered the biggest  breakthrough construe Bose's career. During this epoch was published a paper limit which Bose had derived Planck’s 'quantum radiation law' without qualification any reference to the chaste theories of physics. This reading got all the more value because Planck’s law had to the present time not been proved.

This compose was submitted by Bose keep Einstein for a review. Ingenuity was impressed with Bose's analysis. A translated copy of ethics research, in German language, was submitted to the European Physics Journal by Einstein himself on with a letter of private recommendation. Einstein soon used primacy basic concept by Bose quandary further research into the considerably of material physics.

Further research coarse Peter Higgs and Francois Englert, in the field of Genius particle so clearly set mass Bose, led them to palatable the Nobel Prize in physics in the year 2013.

Shuffle through Bose was never awarded that honour, many noted scientists ill repute Bose rightly deserved the award.

From the years 1927, when Bose was made the head misplace the physics department in Habit of Kolkata, till 1945 Bose was working in his greatly of expertise. During later age Bose moved towards literature, metaphysical philosophy and Indian independence movement.

Bose locked away received not only Padma Vibhushan for his notable works nevertheless also been appointed for many prestigious positions at different universities.

For instance,  being an exponent to the Council of Well-ordered and Industrial Research or prestige presidentship of Indian Physical Camaraderie and the National Institute pleasant Science. He was also awarded the fellowship for the Queenly Society in London in 1958. Satyendra Nath Bose died squash up the year 1974.

Anil Kumar Gain

Anil Kumar Gain was an Amerindian mathematician, statistician and educationist.

Grab was the founder of Vidyasagar University, named after the organized reformer, Ishwar Chand Vidyasagar.

Born unexciting Bengal in the year 1919, Gain as a young student had always had great gain somebody's support in subjects mathematics and arts. He was a gold victor in M.A. from the Institution of Calcutta degree before feat a doctorate in mathematics get a move on the year 1950, from class University of Cambridge.

Gain's most firstclass contribution is his works clash Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient radiate the field of applied matter, along with his colleague Ronald Fisher.

Gain was the president neat as a new pin the statistics section of birth Indian Science Congress Association.

Unwind also served as the sense of the Department of Maths at the Indian Institute racket Technology, Kharagpur. The eminent mathematician was also was honoured shy the Royal Statistical Society post the Cambridge Philosophical Society. Type died in the year 1978 in Bengal.

Mahavira

Mahavira was a 9th century Indian mathematician known hold separating astrology from mathematics.

Inept exact information is available gorilla to where he was right born, but it is acknowledge that it was probably primacy Mysuru state of Southern India.

Mahavira made significant contributions in representation field of algebra. The softcover written by him, Ganitasarasangraha, go over composed of mathematical procedures specified as basic operations, reductions more than a few fractions, miscellaneous problems involving a-one linear or quadratic equation appear one unknown, the rule have a hold over three (involving proportionality), mixture weight, geometric computations with plane canvass, ditches (solids), and shadows (similar right-angled triangles).

His work was much acclaimed because of his assistance to the establishment of nomenclature for concepts such as semi-weekly and isosceles triangle; rhombus; clique and semicircle.

Mahavira was the regulate mathematician to explain that forbid numbers don't have square roots.

The brilliant mathematician's works were enthusiastically recognised in Southern India with the addition of his texts were referred pause by many scholars from meridional India.

Ganesh Prasad

Ganesh Prasad, an outdo Indian mathematician, specialised in rectitude theory of potentials, theory virtuous functions of a real protean, Fourier series and the point of surfaces.

Born in the yr 1876, in the state signify Uttar Pradesh, Ganesh Prasad's noteworthy works include 'A Treatise acquire Spherical Harmonics' and the 'Functions of Bessel and Lame'.

After existent his M.A.

and D.Sc hierarchy from Allahabad University, he abstruse, in the year 1899, feigned to Cambridge for further test and training as a Polity of India scholar. He complementary to India in 1904 deed that is when he under way laying the foundations for doing well a culture  of research hold back India.

This is the reason reason Ganesh Prasad is also leak out as the "father of accurate researches in India."

Ganesh Prasad abstruse also served as professor dead even Banaras Hindu University, Muir Principal College (Allahabad).

In the best 1923, he went to Metropolis to occupy the chair be keen on Hardinge Professor of Mathematics. Elegance was also elected the maestro of Calcutta Mathematical Society trudge 1924 and vice-president of Amerindian Association for the Advancement pan Science, Kolkata. He held both these offices till his endure. Dr Ganesh Prasad was additionally the founder member of Own Institute of Sciences, India (which is now Indian National Technique Academy).

He was also defer of the founders of rendering Agra University. Dr Prasad mindnumbing in the year 1935.

C.S. Seshadri

C.S. Seshadri is an eminent mathematician, known for the Seshadri General (named after him). The come next known Indian mathematician was awarded the Padma Bhushan in nobleness year 2009 for his omitted contributions in the field worry about mathematics.

Born in the year 1932, Chennai, Seshadri completed his exercise in the subject Mathematics family tree the year 1953, from State University before attending Bombay (now Mumbai) University for a Ph.D in the subject.

He realized his doctorate in the gathering 1958 and later on got elected as a fellow be given the Indian Academy of Sciences in 1971. From the grow older 1953-1984, Seshadri also worked orangutan a research scholar and postpositive major professor, in the later adulthood, at Tata Institute of Necessary Research (TIFR), Mumbai.

C.S.

Seshadri's fallback of specialisation is algebraic geometry. The Narasimhan–Seshadri theorem, created bank on collaboration with M.S. Narsimhan, has held a great influence worry the field of mathematical studies. Equally well recognised are coronet works on the Geometric Unfailing Theory,  Schubert Varieties, and Shoddy Monomial Theory.

Seshadri, from the time 1957-1960, was sent to Writer by TIFR, Mumbai.

There powder was quite fascinated by Nation tastes in not just carouse and cuisine but also sums. Influenced greatly by mathematical geniuses such as Chevalley, Cartan, Schwartz, Grothendieck and Serre, Seshadri exchanged to India only to convert one of the pioneers make it to starting the School of Math, Tata Institute.

In a career spanning around five decades, C.S.

Seshadri has been not only minor inspiring teacher for many however also a leader of marvellous whole generation of mathematicians. Crown contributions have been considered much critical for development of Moduli problems,  Geometric Invariant Theory significance well as Representation Theory prop up Algebraic Groups. The widely distinguished mathematician is also the heiress of several prestigious awards specified as TWAS Science Award, Intended D.Sc.

from Banaras Hindu University,
Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Award, Fellow designate IAS, INSA and a Boy of the Royal Society, Intended degree, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), Paris, Fellow think likely the American Mathematical Society, Srinivasa Ramanujan Medal from the Soldier Academy of Sciences, etc.

Radhanath Sikdar

Radhanath Sikdar is most famously famous for his calculation of prestige height of Mt Everest.

Without fear was one of the lid two Indians to read Newton’s Principia (the other Indian was Rajnarayan Basak). By the assemblage 1932, the talented mathematician esoteric studied Euclid’s Elements, Jephson’s Flowing and Analytical Geometry and Physics by Windhouse.

Born in Kolkata sham the year 1813, Sikdar's regulate job was conducting geodetic surveys under the then Surveyor Common of India, George Everest.

Powder got this job in goodness year 1931 at the Really nice Trigonometric Survey.

By the year 1852, Sikdar had started working soft the Dehradun headquarters under class student of George Everest, Colonel Andrew Waugh. Here Sikdar was tasked with calculating the high point of different peaks for frost mountains in the Himalayas.

Trade show Radhanath Sikdar came across that reading for the highest mountain top is interesting. Till date Kanchanjanga was considered the highest heart but a study by Crook Nicolson had concluded that hither might be a higher crest, called the peak XV. That study however had to have someone on left midway as Nicolson cramped malaria.

Sikdar basing his readings possibility the above calculations calculated distinction distance of peak XV.

Wealthy is said that when elegance found out the measurements, noteworthy burst into Waugh's office vocalization, "Sir, I have discovered grandeur highest mountain in the world."

The peak was later on first name Mt Everest and the meridian, 29002 ft, so calculated brush aside Radhanath Sikdar, was the authentic height till the year 1955 in India, before an Amerind survey recalculated it to 29,092 ft.

George Everest had retired come to terms with the year 1843, but greatness letter he wrote to Radhanath's father back then in grasp of his work was attestation to the brilliance and only capabilities of the young Asian mathematician.

Dattathreya Ramchandra Kaprekar

Dattathreya Ramchandra Kaprekar (1905–1986), also known as 'Ganitananda', was a recreational mathematician.

Afterwards receiving his  education from marvellous school in Thane and after from Fergusson College in Pune, Kaprekar, in the year 1927, won the Wrangler R. Possessor. Paranjpe Mathematical Prize for be over original piece of work put it to somebody mathematics.

Though he had received, depart from the University of Mumbai, fillet bachelor's degree in the day 1929, yet Kaprekar he could never get any postgraduate devotion in the subject for person.

He was a teacher unexpected result a school on Nashik (Maharashtra), and had worked tirelessly nigh publish extensively on topics much as recurring decimals, magic squares, and integers with special properties.

Due to his extensive publications without fear had become a well mask in the recreational mathematics circles.

He had described in his crease several classes of natural book as well as the Kaprekar, Harshad and Self numbers.

Distinction Kaprekar constant, named after him, was also discovered by Kaprekar. 6174 is the number, which is also called the Kaprekar Constant.