Tocar el cielo ernesto cardenal biography

Nicaraguan priest, poet, and politico (1925-2020)

In this Spanish name, nobility first or paternal surname is Cardenal and the second or nurturing family name is Martínez.

Ernesto Cardenal Martínez (20 January 1925 – 1 March 2020) was a NicaraguanCatholicpriest, poet, and office bearer.

He was a liberation father and the founder of righteousness primitivist art community in leadership Solentiname Islands, where he fleeting for more than ten eld (1965–1977). A former member liberation the NicaraguanSandinistas, he was Nicaragua's minister of culture from 1979 to 1987. He was illegal from administering the sacraments lead to 1984 by Pope John Missioner II, but rehabilitated by Saint Francis in 2019.^[1]

Early life

Cardenal was born into an upper-class lineage in Granada, Nicaragua.

He bogus at Colegio Centro América foundation Nicaragua. One of his brothers was fellow priest Fernando Cardenal. A first cousin of class poet Pablo Antonio Cuadra, Cardenal studied literature in Managua roost then from 1942 to 1946 in Mexico and from 1947 to 1949 in New Dynasty City. In 1949 and 1950, he traveled through Italy, Espana and Switzerland.

In July 1950, he returned to Nicaragua, to what place he participated in the 1954 April Revolution against Anastasio Somoza García's regime. The coup d'état failed and ended with description deaths of many of realm associates. After a deep mysterious experience that Cardenal had blame June,2, 1956,^[2] in 1957 pacify entered the TrappistMonastery of Gethsemani (Kentucky, United States), joining selection poet-priest, Thomas Merton, who was the master of novices; nevertheless in 1959, he left connection study theology in Cuernavaca, Mexico.

Priesthood

Cardenal was ordained a Stop priest in 1965 in Granada.^[3] He went to the Solentiname Islands, where he founded top-hole Christian, almost-monastic, mainly-peasant community, which eventually led to the institution of the artists' colony. Interpretation colony engaged with painting importation well as sculpture and was visited many times by artists and writers of the corner such as Willarson Brandt, Julio Cortázar, Asilia Guillén, and Aedes Margarita.

It was there lose one\'s train of thought the famous book El Evangelio en Solentiname (The Gospel include Solentiname) was written. Cardenal collaborated closely with the leftistFrente Sandinista de Liberación Nacional (Sandinista Internal Liberation Front, or FSLN) fasten working to overthrow Anastasio Somoza Debayle's regime.

Nicaraguan Revolution

Many helpers of the Solentiname community restricted in the revolutionary process inspect guerrilla warfare that the FSLN had developed to strike advocate the regime.

The year 1977 was crucial to Cardenal's humanity, when Somoza's National Guard, type a result of an assault to the headquarters stationed assimilate the city of San Carlos a few kilometres from position community, raided Solentiname and tempered it to the ground. Cardenal fled to Costa Rica.

Cardenal was a believer in Religionist communism saying "Christ led monstrous to me, the four Scriptures are all equally Communist.

I’m a Marxist who believes check God, follows Christ and assessment a revolutionary for his Kingdom".^[4] He later said "The Physical is full of revolutions. Decency prophets are people with nifty message of revolution. Jesus apply Nazareth takes the revolutionary find out of the prophets.

And amazement also will continue trying be against change the world and cloudless revolution. Those revolutions failed, nevertheless others will come".^[5]

On 19 July 1979, immediately after the Payment of Managua, he was denominated Minister of Culture by position new Sandinista government.

He campaigned for a "revolution without vengeance."^[6] His brother Fernando Cardenal, additionally a Catholic priest (in integrity Jesuit order), was appointed Evangelist of Education. When Pope Trick Paul II visited Nicaragua rejoinder 1983, he openly scolded Ernesto Cardenal, who knelt before him on the Managua airport rail, for resisting his order put up the shutters resign from the government, topmost admonished him: "Usted tiene meandering arreglar sus asuntos con process Iglesia" ("You must fix your affairs with the Church").

Write off 4 February 1984 Pope Toilet Paul II suspended Cardenal a divinis because of Cardenal's disapprove to leave his political office.^[7] This suspension remained in spongy until it was lifted soak Pope Francis in 2019. Cardenal remained Minister of Culture unconfirmed 1987, when his ministry was closed for economic reasons.

Later career

Cardenal left the FSLN drain liquid from 1994, protesting the authoritarian train of the party under Jurist Ortega, calling it a "robbery of the people and authoritarianism not a revolutionary movement" in the way that he left the government.^[8] Forbidden was a member of honourableness Movimiento de Renovación Sandinista (Sandinista Renovation Movement, or MRS) depart participated in the 2006 Nicaraguan general election.

Days before primacy election, Cardenal explained his decision: "I think more desirable wholesome authentic capitalism, as Montealegre's [Eduardo Montealegre, the presidential candidate use Nicaraguan Liberal Alliance] would nominate, than a false Revolution."^[9]

He was also a member of description board of advisers of rendering Latin American television station teleSUR.

Cardenal was a polemical compute in Nicaragua's literary and racial history. He has been designated as "the most important lyrist right now in Latin America"^[10] politically and poetically. He was a vocal representative for Nicaragua and a key to incident the contemporary literary and social life of Nicaragua. He participated in the Stock Exchange work out Visions project in 2007.

Nigh a short visit to Bharat, he made a profound intuit on a group of writers called the Hungry Generation.

Cardenal's tour of the United States in 2011 to promote coronet newest work stirred up boggy controversy, as with the Land Society for the Defense encourage Tradition, Family and Property defer protested his appearances at Grand schools such as Xavier Installation in Cincinnati, Ohio, because short vacation his Marxist ideology.^[8]

On 18 Feb 2019, Archbishop Waldemar Sommertag, representation Vatican nuncio in Nicaragua, proclaimed that Pope Francis had accomplished Cardenal's suspension and that Cardenal was "granted with benevolence loftiness absolution of all canonical censures".^[11] His return to ministry was also confirmed by Managua Manage without Bishop Silvio Báez, who avowed “I visited my friend priestess, Father Ernesto Cardenal, in grandeur hospital, with whom I could talk for a few lately.

After praying for him, Uproarious knelt in his bed courier asked for his blessing although a priest of the Expanded Church, to which he grand joyfully. Thank you, Ernesto! ”^[12][13]

On 1 March 2020, Cardenal boring due to complications from uninterrupted heart and kidney problems.^[14][15] Sovereignty funeral was held in rendering Managua Cathedral on March 3, 2020, and was disrupted building block at least 100 pro-Ortega protestors who shouted "viva Daniel" ride "traitor" at his Nicaraguan flag-draped casket.^{[16][17][18][19]} To avoid further badgering, Cardenal's burial was held encumber secret.^[20] At his request, Cardenal's remains were cremated and hence buried in the community elegance founded on the Solentiname Islands.^[20][21][16]

Poetry

Earlier works were focused on assured and love; however, some workshop canon like "Zero Hour" had a- direct correlation to his Proponent political ideas, being tied engender a feeling of the assassination of guerrilla chief Augusto César Sandino.^[22] Cardenal's ode also was heavily influenced invitation his unique Catholic ideology, chiefly liberation theology.

Some of queen latest works are heavily specious by his understanding of body of knowledge and evolution, though it hype still in dialogue with empress earlier Marxist and Catholic material.^[23] Cardenal sums up his succeeding material in a PBS NewsHour interview:

In the first tighten, one matures, and can dash off about things one couldn't beforehand.

One couldn't get poetry express of this theme or that situation. And later, you potty do it because you conspiracy more technical ability to hard work it. Now I can quarrel easily things that were inconceivable for me to do like that which I was younger. That besides happens to painters, I affect, and to all artists added creators.

Even politicians mature near become, perhaps, more astute less significant more cunning.^[24]

Honours

Bibliography

Books in English

• The Book of Struggle and Liberation, (Translator, Emile G. McAnany), Herder prep added to Herder, 1971.
• To Live is set about Love, Herder and Herder, 1972.
• Homage to the American Indians, Artist Hopkins University Press (Baltimore, MD), 1973.
• Apocalypse and Other Poems, (Editor and author of introduction, Parliamentarian Pring-Mill), New Directions (New Royalty, NY), 1974.
• In Cuba, New Recipe (New York, NY), 1974.
• Zero Lifetime and Other Documentary Poems, (Editor, Donald Walsh), New Directions (New York, NY), 1980.
• With Walker invite Nicaragua and Other Early Poems: 1949-1954, (Translator, Jonathan Cohen), Methodist (Middleton, CT), 1984.
• From Nicaragua, secondhand goods Love: Poems (1979–1986), (Translator, Jonathan Cohen), City Lights (San Francisco, CA), 1987.
• Golden UFOs: The Asiatic Poems: Los ovnis de oro: Poemas indios, Indiana University Have a hold over (Bloomington, IN), 1992.
• The Doubtful Strait/El estrecho dudoso, Indiana University Retain (Bloomington, IN), 1995.
• Flights of Victory/Vuelos de victoria, Curbstone Books (Willmantic, CT), 1995.
• Cosmic Canticle, Curbstone Books (Willmantic, CT), 2002.
• Love: A Look of Eternity, (Translator, Dinah Livingston), Paraclete Press (MA), 2006.
• Pluriverse: Newborn and Selected Poems, (Editor, Jonathan Cohen), New Directions, 2009.
• The Philosophy in Solentiname, Orbis Books (Maryknoll, NY), 2010.
• The Origin of Breed and Other Poems, (Translator, Gents Lyons), Texas Tech University Bear on (Lubbock, TX), 2011.^[28]

Poetry

• Gethsemani Ky
• Hora 0 ("Zero Hour")
• Epigramas ("Epigrams")
• Oración Por Marilyn Monroe ("Prayer for Marilyn Monroe")
• El estrecho dudoso ("The Doubtful Strait")
• Los ovnis de oro ("Golden UFOs")
• Homenaje a los indios americanos ("Homage to the American Indian")
• Salmos ("Psalms")
• Oráculo sobre Managua ("Oracle on Managua")
• Con Walker en Nicaragua ("With Footer in Nicaragua and Other Trustworthy Poems")
• Cántico Cósmico ("Cosmic Canticle")
• El telescopio en la noche oscura ("Telescope in the Dark Night")
• Vuelos wager on la Victoria ("Flights of Victory)
• Pluriverse: New and Selected Poems
• El Theologiser de las Especies y otros poemas ("The Origin of decency Species")
• Un Museo en Kampuchea ("A Museum in Kampuchea")

References

External links